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Are We In The Right Direction Towards Engine Friction Reduction?

By Enid Hinton


In the automobile industry, the player who can save more fuel is already an edge above the others. The fuel economy is very critical, considering that the cost of fuel cost has been steadily rising. Other than just saving on fuel, there are several other potential benefits associated with engine friction reduction. These range from a smooth ride to a long lasting engine. In addition to these economic factors, there are a number of social-political considerations such as environmental impacts which puts into account the energy consumption and emissions.

This is the reason why pistons are now made of aluminum, unlike ages ago when the cast iron was the favorite. Aluminum is less dense, resulting in lower weight which in turn ensures that less force is used to turn the engine parts. In increased friction translates to more heat and also quickens the rate at which wear and tear take place. This all comes down to the low performance level and increase emission of undesirable gases into the atmosphere.

The pressure is thus on the engineers to reduce friction to the minimum possible level, and indeed, they are not disappointing as great strides have been made in this direction. Engineers give a lot of thought to every single component that goes into the combustion system. Technically, the less friction an engine has the increased horsepower per liter it gives translating to efficiency or fuel economy.

The competition in no longer on appearance, or cost, fuel efficiency has now developed to be the primary area of completion in this industry. As of now, the focus is mainly on the low tech parts considered to be off-the- rack components such as the oil pump, the cylinder rings, and the seals which are now developed into top of the notch hardware.

One area that is under consideration is the use of smaller bearings. These are coated with lead, tin, copper or compound of the same as these are considered to reduce the heat emitted. Naturally, a smaller bearing comes with less surface area which in turn means the less point of contact. The oil used is also made to be thinner. The balance shaft also comes in for the purpose of cancelling the vibration.

The other areas that the scientists are pursuing to produce more fuel efficient automobiles include the introduction of valves rock that have slick coating and rollers. The other option is the use of pistons that have small coated skirt, and fitted with rings that produce low tension. These help push back against the piston drag. This is specifically important since the pistons contribute up to a quarter of all energy loss resulting from friction.

The other available alternatives include the use of polymer and Teflon seals. Many motor vehicle manufacturers are now opting for seals over the old-styled spring-loaded seals that previously used. This is just another example of the technology the engineers are considering. Tungsten ductile, a chemical compound commonly used in the space agency NASA as a lubricant, and later widely used in auto racing has not been largely exploited by other ordinary vehicles largely due to its cost and complexity. However, some companies are now rubbing it on the engine parts to give a wear and heat resistant surface.

Regardless of the method used the need to improve efficiency and reduced carbon emission is the main drivers that keep engineers sleepless with the hope of achieving the most user friendly and environmental friendly vehicles for the future generation.




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